The Case Against Direct Changeover Information Technology Essay

The Case Against Direct Changeover Information Technology Essay The purpose of this report is to complete the requirements and implementation according to the CAVIES and VOLE case study. Evaluate if any objectives have changed or should have changed. Comments should address the following final installation plan. This report is about the CAVIES and VOLE final installation and support. This has been in place for .. months and this report covers the evaluation of the implementation. 1.2 Scope Analyze if proper limits were established in the feasibility study and if they were maintained during implementation. Comments should address the following: The business goals and objectives for this project will focus on implementing the system. Enhances the ability and effectiveness of staff to perform their jobs. Facilitates coordinated crime prevention and reduction. Provides data security. Provides an open, flexible, reliable technology base for the future. Facilitates the electronic capture of data at its source. Is easy to use. Eliminate redundant data entry throughout the organization. Ensure that end users have input into the design process. Accomplish project business goals and objectives within defined budget and time parameters. Minimize impact to standard business operations within the affected units. Craft a favourable and secure relationship between the Department and the selected vendor. Facilitates Help Desk Support System. 2. Installation 2.1 Deployment Plan Pilot Changeover Implement the new system at a selected location of the company, such as only one branch office. The first group to use the new system is called the pilot site. The old system is still running at the pilot site and for the rest of the organization. After the system proves successful at the pilot site, it is implemented into the rest of the organization, usually using the direct changeover method. Pilot conversion is a semi parallel and direct changeover method. Operating both systems at only one site is not as expensive. This strategy builds the confidence and the errors are traced easily. Pilot implementation where the new system will be implemented branch by branch, if there is an failure in the new system it will be in one branch only. The problem solved in any branch will not appear in the others. We recommend a pilot deployment. That is a deployment to a select group, probably power users or those in a particular department or division. Successful projects avoid a big bang approach which attempts to roll out the system to a large audience in a single deployment. This is asking for trouble. Instead start small using a pilot and obtain feedback. Pilot implementation: implementation_pilot With this strategy, the new system replaces the old one in one operation but only on a small scale.   For example it might be tried out in one branch of the company or in one location.   If successful then the pilot is extended until it eventually replaces the old system completely. Pilot operation is combination of both direct cutover and parallel operation, which restricts the implementation to a pilot site and reduces risk of system failure as compared with a direct cutover method. Operating system only at pilot site is less expensive than parallel operation. Creating a Pilot Program Need to create a test version of custom package, install it on a few lab computers, test and evaluate the performance, then update your package with any changes that we want to make. It is good practice to prepare a test plan and checklists for lab tests, and then use the test checklists to record satisfactory completion of tasks and note all problems with the process. Also, prepare a checklist to test each deployment and distribution strategy. Identify and select pilot groups and prepare them for pilot program. Run a pilot program for each unique environment or group. Locate groups that are representative of the users throughout organization. To maximize the success, make sure volunteers have enough time in their schedules to fully participate in pilot program. The following are procedures that can use to run a pilot program. To prepare a pilot program for deployment Identify the tasks and resources necessary to conduct the pilot program. Before deploy the new system to the organization, use lab clients to test and refine deployment strategies and configurations. To plan the pilot program: Select the appropriate pilot groups. Document the resources and tasks needed for the pilot program. Develop a user-training plan. Develop a user-support plan. Easy to train staff by letting them learn new skills on the pilot system. Easy to evaluate because the new and old systems are both running. Some staff have time to get used to and become fully trained in the new system before changeover but costs are spread (benefits of parallel running but costs are spread). When spread to other parts of the company, trained staff can act as mentors and so staff can train on a rota basis. Determine the ability of computer operations to schedule according to user needs and to complete scheduled tasks. Comments should address the following: Any problems in accomplishing the work The frequency and extent of the problems Suggested changes The effort required to make changes Volume of data processed (number of transactions) Number of errors made Frequency of problems with the interface Suggested changes Effort required to make the changes Identifying compatibility, conversion and migration strategies To top of page If the system will replace an existing system, compatibility, conversion, and migration issues must be addressed.   Specifically: Data from an existing system must be carried forward (and possibly converted in format) for the new system. Existing user interfaces (screen formats, commands, etc) must be supported in the new system. All existing application programming interfaces (APIs) must be maintained. Migration from the existing system to the new one must not disrupt end user service for more than a pre-determined amount of time (varies depending on the business). The new system must be capable of operating in parallel with the old system during the migration period. There must be a capability to fall back to the old system, if needed, during the first two weeks of operation. Old archive data may need to be processed on the new system. If it is cryptographically protected, then the encryption keys will need special consideration when migrating. The strategies chosen to address these issue will require appropriate support in the architecture and design of the system Determining user training needs To top of page For each category of user, including administration, operators, and end users, identify: What types of IT systems they use at the present. If this system will bring the first use of IT to any users, either within or external to the organization, flag this as a special requirement that will merit special attention. What new functions will be brought to them by this system. In broad terms, what their training needs will be. What requirements exist for National Language Support (NLS) Stage / milestone Planned date(s) Actual date(s) Implementation phase 9 Oct 2010 16 May 2011 9 Oct 2010 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (on-going and on-schedule) Preliminary installation and support plan By Week 5 (in February 2011) 18 Mar 2011 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Final installation and support plan By Week 13 (20 May 2011) 20 May 2011 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Installation 23 May 2011 31 Dec 2011 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Support phase Must start as soon as any part of CAVIES and VOLE is live à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 2.2 The Case Against Direct Changeover The new system is first of all piloted (trialled) in one part of the business / organisation (e.g. in just one office, or in just one department). Once the pilot system is running successfully, the new system is introduced to the all of the business / organisation. stacks_image_DD1DE2A0-86E7-481C-9D4B-F5B766B39D27 The pilot changeover method involves implementing the complete new system at a selected location of a company. Direct cutover method and operating both systems for only the pilot site. The group that uses the new system first is called the pilot site. By restricting the implementation to a pilot site reduces the risk of system failure as compared with is less expensive than a parallel system. 2.3 Data Migration System will migrate data that is determined to be necessary for the future business process and manage the effort associated with any manual data clean up identified. Data Conversion Plan Transformation Calendar Planning Extraction Loading Three-Step Data Conversions: 1. Test a conversion sample of existing data 2. Initial data conversion 3. Final conversion of data before going live Once the decision is made to perform data migration; before migration can begin the following analyses must be performed: Analyze and define source structure (structure of data in the legacy system) Analyze and define target structure (structure of data in the new system) Perform field mapping (mapping between the source and target structure with data cleansing, if necessary) Define the migration process (automated vs. manual) Migration As part of the installation comes often the issue of migration: Replacing an older system with a new one, with or without constraints of continuity of operation. Converting existing data to a new format. Module Description Appointments-module Books appointments for clients to see a veterinary surgeon/nurse with one or more of their pets (i.e. can book multiple appointments) in CAVIES Records-module Enters details for individual pets belonging to clients, giving information on state of health, prescription(s), progress, review dates, etc. in CAVIES Treatments-module Books treatments for pets with a veterinary surgeon/nurse (can book multiple treatments) in CAVIES Sales-module Standard EPOS functions linked to the practice tills, with stock control and reporting functions available to the local practice manager on a PC through VOLE Orders-module Generates orders for replenishment of supplies (VPOM drugs must be approved by a veterinary surgeon) 2.4 Training Training courses may be conducted at the head office Southgate. Courses are customized to needs and may include topics ranging from an introduction to advanced topics such as advanced software development, tuning application to improve performance, and using the new system effectively. Training may include tutorials and hands-on practical experience. The timeliness of the training provided Method of training (Ex Formal classroom session, Informal seminar discussion, Computer aided training, User manuals) The adequacy of the training The appropriateness of the training Identification of additional training needs by job category The ability of the personnel to use the training provided Types of Training   APPLICATION STAFF TRAINING    Types of training for application staff may include:  · System Overview  · Transition to New System Training, including:  · How to Use the System  · New Procedures Itemized by Task, (tasks will differ for Application Management Staff, Application Line Staff, Application Administrative Staff)  · Refresher Training (summary version of Transition to New System Training)  · New Worker Training (may be the same as Transition to New System Training or Refresher Training)  · User Interface training, (e.g., Microsofts Windows)  · Network navigation, (e.g., LAN and WAN concepts, where data can be found, printing over the network, network support contact) OPERATION STAFF TRAINING Types of training for operations staff, (e.g., LAN Administrator, Help Desk Staff, and Network and Systems Management), may include: LAN Administrator  · Hands-on Training on the Product Installed  · Network Operating System  · Upper-Layer Protocols  · Scheduled Background processing, (e.g., error handling)  · Security, (e.g., how to establish user accounts)  · Back-up and Recovery Procedures  · Physical Media handling, (e.g., tape handling) Help Desk Staff  · Hands-on Training on the Product Installed  · Network Operating System  · Upper, Middle, and Lower Protocol Layers  · Network Components, (e.g., bridges, routers, and hubs) Network and Systems Management  · Hands-on Training on the Product Installed  · Network Operating System  · Upper, Middle, and Lower Protocol Layers  · Network Components, (e.g., bridges, routers, and hubs)  · Network Performance and Problem Diagnosis Tools TECHNICAL STAFF TRAINING  Ã‚   Depending on the system architecture and the role of the customer programming staff, the types of training for technical staff, (e.g., Application Programmers, Information Technology Manager, Database Administrator), may include: Application Programmers  · Principles of Client/Server    · Application Development/Maintenance (for the specific environment), including:  · Graphical User Interface (GUI) Design  · Event-Driven Programming  · Object-Oriented Concepts  · Object-Oriented Analysis and   Design  · Object-Oriented Programming  · New Programming Languages, (e.g., C++)  · Application Development Tools, (e.g., CASE, Powersofts PowerBuilder, Microsofts Visual C++, Microsofts Visual Basic)  · Database Training, (e.g., SQL, Microsoft or Sybase SQL Server, Oracle)  · Team Building  · Network Overview Information Technology Manager  · Application Programmer Training Courses  · Managing a Client/Server Environment Database Administrator  · Principles of Client/Server  · Database Training (e.g., SQL, Microsoft or Sybase SQL Server, Oracle)  · Multiplatform Environments  · Data Modeling  · Performance Monitoring Possible Training Methods Instructor-Led Training Instructor-led training includes:  · classroom training (group instruction),    · train-the-trainers (group instruction),    ·on-line group training (group instruction),    ·videoconferencing, (group instruction that is instructor-led, but for many participants the instructor is in another location),  ·video/on-line training (group instruction),    · on-the-job coaching (individual instruction). Self-Directed Training Self-directed training includes:  ·on-line self-directed training (individual instruction),    ·off-line self-directed training, such as the use of printed materials, audio cassettes, or video (individual instruction). Just-in-Time Training Just-in-time training includes:  ·Electronic Performance Support Systems (EPSS) (individual instruction),  ·continuous improvement instruction (individual or team instruction),  ·computer-mediated asynchronous collaboration (group instruction from an individual perspective). 2.5 Documentation A number of documents are produced during the development of a new computer application. Essentially there are two types: User Guides User guides are written in plain English rather than technical language. The guide should cover how to run the system, how to enter data, how to modify data and how to save and print reports. The guide should include a list of error messages and advice on what to do if something goes wrong. Technical Documentation Technical documentation is used to explain a system to a specialist i.e. an analyst/programmer. This document will be used if any changes have to be made to the system. It is a very important document which needs to be fully up-to-date. Excellent documentation will reduce your support costs. Every answer that someone finds in the user guide or the help system means one less call or email to your support line. The support team can concentrate on finding answers to real problems, rather than explaining to a customer how to switch an appliance on, or how to install a computer program. User Manuals These are the easiest to read and use, and are designed for the non-technical reader who wants to start with how to switch it on and use it. It may even show where the On switch is. (Dont laugh people ask!) When designed for software packages, these guides are designed to provide the user all the information they need to use the software to perform a range of tasks. A well designed user guide can: reduce support calls help new staff perform daily tasks help experienced staff perform infrequent tasks standardise work practises. Technical Manuals These are for the more technical readers, often at graduate level, and may cover the complete setup of a software system, for example. Support Manuals These are for Help Desk staff, who need to know how the overall system should be set up, and including total support information. This normally includes Technical and User Manual content. Training Manuals These can be written for your training staff, and provide you with material for training other users of equipment or systems; or they may just complement your own Customer Training process. Working one-to-one with clients allows close cooperation, so when you need alternatives, we design accordingly. Reference Manuals (Programmer Bibles) These are typically comprehensive manuals which the user can use to check for information when required. They are fully indexed and cross-referenced. If your product is so complicated that a third-party specialist takes care of the maintenance on your behalf, then this type of manual is ideal. For portability and ease of use, these typically large manuals can also be generated in pdf format so they can be accessed on-line (via an intranet, on-line help or web site), or from a CD. Standards and Procedures As your company grows, you will need to document your standards and procedures. They bring together the knowledge within your company, help new staff learn company procedures, and help ensure everyone is working to the same standards. Basically, they are an ideal way to underpin your internal quality systems. Specifications Technical staff, while highly-skilled and very knowledgeable, frequently have problems putting their thoughts down on paper. We can make sense of the technical jargon and scribbled notes (including beer mats!) to produce your specifications. Release Notes These documents are primarily used by software houses and are aimed at internal staff and expert-end users. They describe new and advanced functionality at a high level in new software releases. Operating Instructions Ideal for anyone operating specialist equipment, in the home or commercial premises. Clear instructions, supported by illustrations (and photographs where appropriate), with trouble shooting tips. These instructions can be particularly useful for newly trained staff. Good operating instructions can enhance your product and your companys reputation. Assembly Instructions If you supply a flat-packed product, these are vital for your customers. They take the customer through the task step-by-step in a visual format. They also include a check list of components. Overviews Overviews are designed to support your sales literature and give an in-depth view of your product. They enable your clients, both new and established, to make informed decisions in conjunction with input from your staff. Skills Books Your company probably has at least one member of staff that all the others go to for knowledge and advice about one particular aspect of your business operations, products or services. A series of skills books can capture this invaluable knowledge so that it can be shared by everyone while reducing the pressures on your expert staff. These books can also be used to drive internal training sessions. Test Scripts Prior to going live with a new computer system, it is always advisable to run your own tests on a test system. It is not enough to simply enter a few sales orders. A series of carefully designed test scripts will ensure your staff puts the system through its paces, highlighting possible problems before the go-live date. Multimedia Systems These interactive solutions combine text, graphics and maybe even sound for presentations, demonstrations and tutorials. Document Redesign (Cosmetic Surgery) Maybe you have all the right documentation but it is old fashioned and looking dated. Maybe it doesnt completely cover everything. Maybe you just need to change the delivery format, for example, convert your paper documentation to on-line help. We can analyse your existing documentation to help you achieve the look, feel and content you need. 2.6 Business Change Issues As we can determine from above information that pilot approach is the best approach where we can see the combination of less risks as well as less implementation cost because. There are many health centers so we can implement the new system only at any one of the health centers to check whether it is working appropriately or not. And this method is also cheaper than all other methods except direct cut over where there are chances of risks here in this method risk of system failure is very less. Workshops close down for half a working day but it will take two full working days to install and configure CAVIES and VOLE system in live working environment. There should be little disruption as possible to normal business operation. The full business benefit will be achieved when all workshops are live on CAVIES and VOLE. Giving most priority to CAVIES and VOLE and train the staffs for the new system will cause the business slightly. And until the staff used to the new system there may be possible to have technical errors. STITCH (SMARTS Training Information Technology Communications Harmonisation) intends to evaluate the overall impact on business, social and technical issues for future attention. Issue Management The information contained within the Project Plan will likely change as the project progresses. While change is both certain and required, it is important to note that any changes to the Project Plan will impact at least one of three critical success factors: Available Time, Available Resources (Financial, Personnel), or Project Quality. The decision by which to make modifications to the Project Plan (including project scope and resources) should be coordinated using the following process: Step 1: As soon as a change which impacts project scope, schedule, staffing or spending is identified, the Project Manager will document the issue. Step 2: The Project Manager will review the change and determine the associated impact to the project and will forward the issue, along with a recommendation, to the Steering Committee for review and decision. Step 3: Upon receipt, the Steering Committee should reach a consensus opinion on whether to approve, reject or modify the request based upon the information contained within the project website, the Project Managers recommendation and their own judgment. Should the Steering Committee be unable to reach consensus on the approval or denial of a change, the issue will be forwarded to the Project Sponsor, with a written summation of the issue, for ultimate resolution. Step 4: If required under the decision matrix or due to a lack of consensus, the Project Sponsor shall review the issue(s) and render a final decision on the approval or denial of a change. Step 5: Following an approval or denial (by the Steering Committee or Project Sponsor), the Project Manager will notify the original requestor of the action taken. There is no appeal process. 2.7 Installation Schedule This section should outline the way you will roll out the technology, including the highest level milestones. GANTT CHART 3. Support 3.1 Support Needs RABBIT Steering Committee role Position Name Joint Executive Joint Owner/Managing Director Neil Nimbus Joint Executive Joint Owner/Managing Director Simon Wheatley Senior user Practice Manager Verity Green Senior user Financial Controller Hadi Esfahani Senior user ISS Manager Vanessa Phillips CAVIES and VOLE Project Manager ISS Project Manager F S Haroon MICE Project Manager ISS Project Manager Fergus Sheridan Support Services Offered We provide the following telephone, remote-access and onsite support for New System, hardware, network and Microsoft products: Phone and Remote Access On-site Support Software Implementation Upgrade Installation Hardware/Software Data Import/Export Business practices consulting Training-on site ATC Classroom Forms/Report Design 3.2 ISS Help Desk The Support Plan is what we call the backup service we offer to CAVIES and VOLE users to ensure that you have all the help you need to get the most out of the software. Here are the benefits. Unlimited Telephone, Email and Online Help Desk Support Unlimited telephone support from our technical staff, priority treatment for any email support and free use of our Online Helpdesk System FREE Version Upgrades* We usually release a major upgrade to every couple of years or so. Customers on the Support Plan receive a completely FREE upgrade to the latest version (otherwise an upgrade fee has to be paid). Online Backup Service Support Plan customers have the option of an Online Backup account. We will help to configure an automatic backup schedule for you so that Database is uploaded to a secure server every night, giving extra peace of mind. Discounts on other Support Services Support Plan customers receive massive discounts on our other services such as Report Designing, Data Conversion and On-Site Installation Training. Wishlist Implementation To continually improve the software, we operate a wishlist system so that users can make requests for new features or changes. Requests from customers on the Support Plan are given priority so that you can have an active role in the ongoing development of software. User Support and customer service on company supported computer application and platforms. Troubleshoot problems and advise on the appropriate action. Main Job and Responsibilities. Telephone Support Remote Support On-site Support Roles and Responsibilities Respond to requests for technical assistance in person, via phone, electronically Diagnose and resolve technical hardware and software issues. Research questions using available information resources Advise user on appropriate act Follow Standard help desk procedures Log all help desk interactions Administer help desk software Redirect problems to appropriate resource Identify and escalate situations requiring urgent attention Track and route problems and requests and document resolutions Prepare activity reports Stay current with system information, changes and updates Project Roles and Responsibilities Role Responsibilities Project Sponsor Ultimate decision-maker and tie-breaker Provide project oversight and guidance Review/approve some project elements Steering Committee Commits department resources Approves major funding and resource allocation strategies, and significant changes to funding/resource allocation Resolves conflicts and issues Provides direction to the Project Manager Review project deliverables Project Manager Manages project in accordance to the project plan Serves as liaison to the Steering Committee Receive guidance from Steering Committee Supervises consultants Supervise vendor(s) Provide overall project direction Direct/lead team members toward project objectives Handle problem resolution Manages the project budget Project Participants Understand the user needs and business processes of their area Act as consumer advocate in representing their area Communicate project goals, status and progress throughout the project to personnel in their area Review and approve project deliverables Creates or helps create work products Coordinates participation of work groups, individuals and stakeholders Provide knowledge and recommendations Helps identify and remove project barriers Assure quality of products that will meet the project goals and objectives Identify risks and issues and help in resolutions Subject Matter Experts Lend expertise and guidance as needed Help Desk will be located in Southgate, Head Office and it will staffed as follows; 2 project managers (F S Haroon, and the MICE project manager Fergus Sheridan) 3 system/database administrators 2 business analysts 4 Oracle developers The ISS Service Desk is the place to go with any queries about ISS services. Service Desk is open weekdays between: 0900 1700 3.3 Outsourcing the Help Desk Help Desk Staff Position Name Senior user Pract

5 Benefits of Facebook

————————————————- 5 Great Benefits of Facebook Fan Pages for Local and Small Businesses Small and Local businesses are discovering the advantages of having a Facebook fan page and are beginning to learn the secrets to attracting new customers and website visitors with simple tricks that are classified as affordable and easy. With some effort, your great plan or product can be become a fan favorite on Facebook! We often hear the old adage, It’s an amazingly small world when coincidences occur or common acquaintances are discovered.With the growing rise in popularity of Facebook, the entire world seems even smaller in recent times, simply because this popular social network connects people around the world, building a global community of shared connections and interests that knows no cultural boundary. Facebook allows users to connect not just with old friends, however with people all over the world who share their interests and passions on fan pages created for them. These fan pages are fundamental to Facebook’s popularity and incorporating one into your marketing plan might just be your ticket to success.With just a few clicks of the mouse, you   can create a Facebook fan page to advertise your product, interest or passion. Without any effort or expense by you, Facebook’s search feature will yield your fan page as being a search outcome and those who share your interest will soon find you. To help get more website visitors to your fan page without any cost, you can spread the concept about your latest page to all your current client database and Facebook connections.Considering that the average Facebook user has 130 friends, there exists nearly endless potential for attracting new individuals to your page simply by reaching over to those you already know and asking them to assist you in making connections. Naturally, you also wi ll want to be sure to promote your fan page on your website, and vice versa. Proven Benefits of Facebook Fan Pages: 1. Attract more traffic to your site through fan page links- People who find you on Facebook will probably be interested enough into your product or service to click on a link that will take them directly to your website. 2.Effortless income potential- Through Facebook’s innovative advertising options, you can make an income by targeting certain demographics and like-minded potential customers for a very low cost. 3. Easier search engine optimization- A Facebook fan page does more than heighten your exposure within a social network; a fan page raises the odds of your name being found quicker on search engines, like Google. 4. Increased customer loyalty- Current customers who follow your Facebook fan page will develop an individual connection to your product or service, particularly if you are diligent about feedback and responses with their posts.Fan pages offer fans chances to post pictures, provide product reviews and with loyal fans to post feedback and comments that may possibly attract others and provide you with priceless insight into the wants and also needs of your projected audience. 5. Get to know your customers- With Facebook’s detailed analytics, you will get entry to valuable specifics about people who follow your fan page, such as their gender, age and also place. Gaining a more rewarding knowledge of the demographics of your respective group of followers can help you more effectively reach particular people with targeted, customizable advertising.Facebook is fast becoming the most popular element that links people from around the world. As friends connect on Facebook, they naturally share information about products and services they normally use and love. That is where a Facebook fan page and its great potential for business owners enters into play. Increasing your global exposure with a fan page for your product or s ervice provides a simple means for people to hook up with you and tell their friends about you.The great thing about a Facebook fan page is the benefits that are available to even the smallest business and it also takes simply passion and purpose to attract fans and initiate to reap all of the benefits Facebook fan pages have to offer. Business owners worldwide depend on Facebook experts for a bunch of their Facebook fan page needs, from Facebook marketing suggestions to information about how to monetize Facebook. Visit us online or call us at 206. 350. 3504 to learn more about the proven advantages of Facebook fan pages and how to use them to get results for your business. ————————————————-Facebook Business Basics (Lesson 1): Facebook Status Updates and How They Work So That You Can Better Understand How to Use Them to Your Advantage October 19, 2011 by  Lisa Santos    ·Ã‚  Leave a Comment 1 Welcome to the first lesson in the Facebook Business Basics Crash Course. Over the next few weekly posts you will receive several lessons that will help you learn a few basic ways that you can build your business and increase your profits with Facebook . In this first lesson let’s talk a little about Facebook status updates and how they work so that you can better understand how to use Facebook to your advantage.Because there are so many social network terms out there, let’s start this lesson by distinguishing early on what a Facebook status actually is. A Facebook status is a post that appears for your contacts to read. Whereas before, Facebook statuses were immediately broadcast for everyone, now there are plenty of privacy settings to protect the person by letting them choose who can actually read their messages. You can also interact through your Facebook status. Friends and other contacts are allowed to comment on the Facebook status or s imply Like the status. Recently, Facebook has added a tagging feature to Facebook statuses.Put @ in the beginning and you are allowed to tag as many as 6 people in a post. Friends and contacts that are tagged will be notified in the same way that they are also notified when somebody else or the status owner has replied a status he   commented on. How are Facebook statuses important for professionals, you may ask? Well, Facebook statuses are what many consider as the very essence of Facebook. Here, customers, potential customers and other interested parties can interact on a particular piece of information in a casual manner that is way more convenient and conversational than email or even Twitter actually will.With Facebook statuses also, almost everyone can join in the conversation (that is if you want them to) which makes for a casual promotion of your product, service or company. The Facebook status is a powerful part of using Facebook for your business. The number of Likes and comments for every Facebook status will help your page climb up in its search engine position. Facebook statuses can also help you with branding efforts. For your Facebook marketing to be successful it is important that you monitor your page carefully, that you keep your status posts enthusiastic and professional at the same time.While it’s tempting to place something instantly catching, hilarious or even shocking, you need to ask yourself first whether this will help the business reputation in the long run or will it just server as temporary entertainment? It is important to optimize Facebook statuses in order to make them more searchable for potential customers. A good feature to use is Facebook status tagging. What makes this so advantageous for business owners is that when you tag affiliated companies in the post, it will also appear on their page. Therefore exposing your company to customers who may be looking at a related site.You can also do this with community pages. When you tag a community page, you will gain access to millions of potential customers who may have the same interests as your business. While it’s important to organize your Facebook status updates, it isn’t recommended that you leave all the work to organizing sites like Hootsuite. Checking through a Profile or Fan Page that are dominated by RSS Feeds is a turnoff for most potential customers. Clients want to feel like they’re interacting with a real person in the company, so be mindful of interaction.We have a lot to go over in the next few days if you want to learn how to use Facebook for your business, so make sure you look for your next lesson soon. We will be talking about how you can use Facebook to attract new customers. ————————————————- —————————————à ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- ————————————————- ————————————————- Facebook Business Basics (Lesson 2): How To Use Facebook to Attract New Customers 0 It’s time for your second lesson in the Facebook Business Basics Crash Course.I hope you found lesson one informative and that you now have a good understanding of how Facebook statuses work to your advantage. In this lesson we are going to talk about how you can use Facebook to attract new customers. Some business owners ask, why is it important to establish online presence through social networking sites particularly Facebook even when if you already have an official website? Simple, because Facebook is more accessible and to most, more user-friendly than any traditional website will ever be.It gives a sense of friendliness to business that puts prospects at ease and lends a sense of credibility to businesses who have no website to speak of. Aside from this, a Facebook page allows a business to be more interactive with present and potential customers, getting their feedback for everything from product reviews to testimonials. While it may seem scary because you can be given both positive and negative feedback, businesses should not be afraid because with Facebook it can be easily moderated. If you have a mind to you can retain the best feedback and hide the rest.This way, most potential customers will be able to read the positive testimonials of previous customers. Such feedback adds a touch of authenticity to your business, and can entice the potential customer reading it. Furthermore, customers who are tired of traditional online marketing such as email, newsletters and online ads will look to the Facebook page to have their questions answered. Having a Facebook page will give your busin ess access to over 500 Million users without even having to buy e-mail addresses like what traditional email marketing resort to.Interaction isn’t limited to Facebook updates and wall posts though. You can also use Apps to provide photos, notes and videos. When using a Fanpage which is the recommended page for businesses (instead of the more personal profile page), you can change the posting ability of fans which allow them to post photos, videos and links to the page. This way, potential customers will be able to see how other customers use the product or service. Again, this can engage the community to be more interactive as was successfully executed by the Pampers’ Facebook Fanpage.Other companies like Ben & Jerry’s go as far as polling customers. This gives customers a sense of power with regards to their products, which in turn will give them a sense of ownership and acceptance. Facebook is also a great tool to gain audience to promos, special prices and di scounts as in the case of the company rushIMPRINT, who use their page to feature their products for sale. The site easily leads back to their official website as well as their toll free number. Some even use Facebook to give exclusive deals to their customers. This is a good way to gauge the effectively of your page.Various incentives can be given exclusively to Facebook users which aren’t accessible by those who follow you through e-mail, Twitter or your official website. Other companies such as Baskin Robbins develop and use a Facebook application to make their Facebook page more interactive and enticing to customers. Through their account, they’re giving out a very enticing deal, a Buy One, get one promo that most enthusiasts will not surpass. Facebook is an easy tool to master and can add just the right sense of fun, differentiating you and your business from the rest in the market. That’s it for today’s lesson.In your next lesson we will be talking a bout how to use Facebook to advertise your business without spamming. ————————————————- Facebook Business Basics (Lesson 3): How You Can Use Facebook to Advertise Your Business Without Spamming November 18, 2011 by  Lisa Santos  Ã‚ ·Ã‚  Leave a Comment 0 It’s time for your third lesson in the Facebook Business Basics Crash Course. Today let’s talk about how you can use Facebook to advertise your business without spamming. Using Facebook as the means for free advertising is probably one of the wisest moves any business person can make in this competitive marketing age.As we have been discussing Facebook offers plenty of opportunities for the business owners to launch develop and grow through its influential social network. Through Facebook, you can actually choose who to target just as easily as a paid system such as Google Ads does. Through Facebook, you can choose the location, interests, relationship status, gender, age and location of your target market. What a convenient way to start your marketing strategy online! The best part is that it can actually be free if you want it to be. Facebook gives you the option of running free or paid promotions.The paid aspect is through Facebook’s formal ads. Now, how do you run free promotions? Why, through your personal network, of course, or through your fan page. If you’re launching a product, service or brand, it is recommended to have a formal fan page. Nevertheless, personal connections such as friends, friends of friends, acquaintances and relatives will help greatly in building your business social network. Wall updates, photos, notes, group discussions and basically any other posts will help the product or service stay top-of-mind.As I mentioned in your last lesson, prospective customers want companies to have enthusiastic and informative updates. Tip: Don’t make the mistake of barraging your customers or potential customers with too many Facebook updates at one time, or worse, continuously flood their Facebook walls with the same message placed several times. Spamming is annoying no matter who does it, so take care that you avoid doing that to your friends and fans. The best way to avoid spamming others, however intentional or unintentional, is to choose your target market well.Nobody wants to receive a wall post that is a generic message of a product they’re not even interested in. You can control who sees your message by researching the person’s likes or dislikes which may be apparent in their profile page or you may also ask from a personal contact. You can even check out organizations or groups that they are affiliated with online which are related to your business or industry. Another way to place a wall post in that isn’t tantamount to spamming is to place it like a personal message. The less generic the message is,   the better.You may start with something like, ‘Hi. I just saw from your profile that you like Ice Cream and I though you may be interested in a free sample of our Homemade Ice Cream. ’ If this strategy is a bit too forward for you, then work on making Facebook applications that can insert advertisements into them or better yet, try Social Ads. Demographically speaking, these two are more effective and less time consuming than having to analyze your customers one by one. That’s it for today’s lesson. In your next lesson we will talk about using Facebook and Twitter together for your business. u are here:  Home  / Advertising ————————————————- Facbook Advertising for Local Business: 5 Benefits You Can Receive From It November 3, 2012 by  Lisa Santos  Ã‚ ·Ã‚  Leave a Comment Facebook Advertising Local Business You’ve probably read this a million times, but one of the best things you can do to boost your business’ online performance is to participate in the world of social media. And what HOT social media platform do you know that can help you with that? Facebook of course! =) Facebook is your best avenue to start on this journey of advertising.It offers a lot of features that are especially helpful for  local business  owners like yourself. If you aren’t making use of  Facebook advertising  and timeline pages (aka fan pages), then you should be, no matter how small or localized your business is. Here are five benefits for  local business  from  Facebook advertising: ————————————————- 1) Highly targeted marketing – Facebook Advertising Local Business One of the best things about Facebook ads is that you can specify exactly who you want to view your ads, based o n things like age, interests, and geographic location.For example, if you run a mobile salon business, you may opt to target your ads to women in your area who have expressed an interest in beauty, hair care, fashion, and salons. ————————————————- 2) The Snowball Effect – Facebook Advertising Local Business Basically, any time someone clicks on your ad and lands on your page, they have the option of â€Å"liking† your page if they are pleased with what they find. Any time someone likes your page, that activity shows up in that person’s newsfeed.This means that all of that person’s friends are exposed to your page and have the option of liking it themselves. Facebook ads are a great way to attract attention to your page and gain fans on an exponential level. ———————————à ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- 3) Broader Reach – Facebook Advertising Local Business The numbers don’t lie: Facebook is the world’s highest ranking website, and is viewed on a global scale. You may have a small local business, but there is no question that if you sell a product, your business could benefit greatly from having a broader reach. ) Smart Phone Users – Facebook Advertising Local Business Most people these days access the web from their smart phones on a regular basis. By using Facebook advertising, you are making your presence known to local smart phone users who only search for businesses while on the go. 5) Customization – Facebook Advertising Local Business In addition to the previously mentioned targeting, Facebook ads also allow for a lot of flexibility when it comes to customizing ads to your liking, especially when compared to Google ads (a very common advertising platform that you are likely already using).For example , the ability to have longer descriptive text and the ability to add images allows you create ads that best suit your needs and marketing goals. To make the most of your social media marketing, contact the professionals. We at  LS Virtual Assistant Services  can help take your Internet presence to the next level. Contact us by phone, at 757-204-5782, or  contact here. Filed under  Advertising,  Facebook,  Facebook Marketing  Ã‚ · Tagged with  facebook ads,  facebook advertising,  facebook advertising local business,  Local Business ————————————————- Ways to Boost Up Your Facebook Fan Activity October 26, 2012 by  Lisa Santos  Ã‚ ·Ã‚  Leave a Comment Got a fan page for your business but it’s lifeless? Well, it’s time to shake things up on your fan page. With the popularity of social media sites like Facebook, there is a new way to mar ket: it’s interactive. You no longer have to figure out creative ways to relay messages that will somehow get peoples’ attention, and then sit back and hope it’s working. By marketing through social media sites like Facebook, you get to hear your customers’ reactions first-hand, and can tweak your marketing efforts accordingly.In my post today, I’m going to cover 5 ways you can wake up your fans and get them interacting on your fan page. Here we go†¦ The first way is by  interacting on other fan pages. Why is this important? Because you want to build credibility on Facebook and in order to do that you need to be an active participant on other fan pages related to your niche or business. Simply get involved in serious discussions, post useful bits of information, or even show your support for the page and people will reciprocate by participating more on your fan page.The second way is through  interactive type Apps. There are numerous apps on Facebook that are helpful in building up your fan page activitiy. An example of one is the â€Å"Fan of the Week† app which actually keeps track of your fans’ participation and acknowleges your top fan of each week. People love being recognized and this app will surely encourage your fans to keep hanging out on your fan page more often. The third way is very simple. Be GENUINE! Make your communication human and not like a robot. Be yourself. Interact on a personal level with your fans and they will respond.The fourth way is through  Fan Page partnerships. Get with other fan page owners and promote each other’s fan pages. You can promote other fan pages by sharing their pictures and posts, and by linking to their pages from your own page. And finally, another way, is by  having a contest. Create a contest of some sort and provide your fans with a chance to win a prize, based on their participation. You can set it up any way you like. It can be anything lik e a photo contest or answering a silly question and then advertise the prize and the deadline date.As you can see, there are some very simple ways you can take action on to increase your Facebook fan activity. If you want to get the most out of your social media marketing, contact the professionals. We at LS Virtual Assistant Services can be reached by phone, at (757)204-5782, or reach us on our  contact form. Filed under  Facebook,  Facebook Fan Pages,  Facebook Marketing  Ã‚ · Tagged with  faccebook activity,  facebook fan page activity,  increase fanpage activity ————————————————- How to Make Your Facebook Timeline Posts Stand Out May 1, 2012 by  Lisa Santos  Ã‚ ·Ã‚  Leave a CommentIt seems that the new Facebook format, Timeline, really has people in arms. But don’t people always complain any time Facebook makes format changes? The truth is, F acebook Timeline has some great new features that truly broaden the Facebook user experience . . . and Timeline is not going anywhere. As of today, Facebook users will have no choice but to learn and adapt to Timeline since most all profiles have been converted. One great thing you can do with your Timeline is to make your most important posts (of your choosing, of course) stand out amongst the rest of your posts.How do you accomplish this? Read on for step by step instructions: Timeline Highlight. The new feature that allows you showcase any and every post you want to call special attention to is called â€Å"Highlight. †Ã‚   Highlight is super easy to access and use, as you will see in this breakdown. (Side note: the Highlight feature applies to Facebook fan pages only. The same feature is actually called â€Å"Feature† on standard profile pages. However, both Highlight and Feature work the same way. ) How does Timeline â€Å"highlight† your posts? Basically, when you choose a post to highlight, that post is xpanded to the full width of your screen (or the full width of the Timeline, that is). Where is the Highlight feature? This is easy. Simply hover your mouse around the upper right hand corner of your post and two buttons will appear: a star and a pencil. The star is your Highlight button. The highlighting process. Click on the star. Yes, that’s it. If you make a mistake and highlight the wrong post, or if you have a change of heart and decide that a post you highlighted is unworthy, simply click the Highlight star again to remove the highlighting.What can you highlight? Anything you post on Facebook may be highlighted. This means status updates, photos, videos, Timeline events, and much more. As a matter of fact, you may use Highlight to customize the look of your page in any way you like; for example, you may opt to highlight every one of your posts if you prefer that your page fans have a large, simplified view of everything you post. Facebook’s new Highlight feature can be a powerful marketing tool, if you know how to use it. To make the most of your social media marketing, contact the professionals.We at LS Virtual Assistant Services can help take your Internet presence to the next level. Contact us by phone, at 757-204-5782, or use our  contact form  here. Filed under  Facebook,  Facebook Marketing,  Facebook Timeline  Ã‚ · Tagged with  facebook timeline,  facebook timeline highlight feature,  highlight posts in facebook,  powerful marketing tool,  social media marketing ————————————————- The Importance of Using Customized Facebook Pages that are Built to Capture Leads February 7, 2012 by  Lisa Santos  Ã‚ ·Ã‚  Leave a CommentMost business owners understand that fresh leads ultimately means more business. Therefore, having a powerful, steady stream of lead p ouring into your business is not an option – it’s a must. One way to accomplish this is with a customized Facebook Fan page that is built to specifically capture leads. I’m sure you’re heard of Facebook†¦ Yes, that site that currently has over 750 BILLION users? That’s it. Any smart business knows they need to have a strong presence on Facebook if they want to continue to grow and prosper. How does a lead capture Fan page work?Let’s say a business prospect lands on your lead capture Fan page because it’s clean, attractive, and professional-looking. They get just enough information to pique their interest so they decide to take your free offer in exchange for their email address. They now want to know more about you and decide to venture over to your website to get even more information†¦ Not only that, but now that you have their email address, you can start communicating with them on a regular basis and work on converting t hem into a customer. Can you see how this process can end up giving you an endless stream of new leads?Ensure that your business is on the front lines. A sleek, real-time and inspirational Fan page will draw in customers who did not know they needed what you have to offer. Put your advertising dollars in the right place. As a savvy business owner, harness the energy of social media fans who will â€Å"like† your business. When you customize your Fan page, whether you are a small business, non-profit or service industry, your web presence and reputation will catapult your bottom line to high profits and product longevity. Nothing motivates people more than liking what their friends like.When you use customized Fan pages to capture leads through social marketing, your business is sure to be a winner. Filed under  Facebook,  Facebook Fan Pages,  Facebook Marketing  Ã‚ · Tagged with  customized fan pages,  facebook fan pages,  facebook pages,  lead capture fan pag es,  lead capture pages ————————————————- Facebook: The Real Power Of â€Å"People See – People Do† January 24, 2012 by  Lisa Santos  Ã‚ ·Ã‚  Leave a Comment In case you haven’t noticed, just about everyone is online these days doing a thousand different things.From paying bills, to arranging travel, to shopping for a new home, people spend a LOT of time online. People are even using the Internet more than ever to keep in touch with family, friends, and co-workers. Not only do they keep in touch with each other, but they recommend products and services that they like. For instance, when one person â€Å"likes† a product or service, they let other people know about it and they, in turn, â€Å"like† the product or service too. On Facebook, businesses build followers by getting them to â€Å"Like† their Facebook Fan pages. Imagi ne omeone being in love with your product or service†¦ so they tell everyone they know. Then, they come to your Fan page and â€Å"Like† you and now they get all of your promotions and become loyal customers. The process becomes viral and continues to go on and on†¦ Business owners are becoming aware that they also need to be online in a major way to capitalize on social network usage amongst consumers. It is a fact that your business success strongly relies on a solid, reputable online existence. If you do not have a customized landing page you are actually losing out on business.Your gross income is probably sagging if you are a small business owner without an online fan base or ability to capture leads. Imagine how much traffic you can send to your website if you provide surveys for your customers about that new product you want to launch? Not only will you get real-time data for market analysis, but your customers will be delighted and relieved to know they can find you, their friend, online 24/7. If you really want to effectively allocate your marketing and advertising dollars wisely, get a Fan page setup and start a viral explosion amongst your satisfied customers.

Essay on The Crusades Significance for Christianity Today

Give a brief account of The Crusades. What significance do they still have for Christianity today? What should contemporary Christians learn from them? In this essay, this writer will give a brief account of The Crusades, demonstrate the significance they still have for Christianity today and what lessons contemporary Christians should learn from them. The Crusades were a series of Holy Wars launched between 1095 and 1291 by the Christian states of Europe against the Saracens who were Moslems. The name Crusade is derived from an old French word ‘crois’, meaning ‘the cross’. The idea was to urge Christian warriors to go to Palestine and free Jerusalem and other holy places from Muslim domination (Internet Source 1). The first Crusade†¦show more content†¦Therefore, the reports are probably only very approximate ideas of what the Pope actually said. The Pope’s impassioned speech in which he demonises the Moslems, appears to be a mastery in flattery, hyperbole, and misuse of Scripture. On the other hand, Haag (2011: 75-78) strongly argues that the Pope would never have stooped to lurid rabble rousing, neither did he intend to whip up a mass movement of peasantry because his desirable instruments for the Crusade were the knights. Also, it looks to me that the Pope took it as his di vine duty to forcibly remove from the holy places of Jerusalem those who had profaned them, similar to the way Jesus drove the money changers from the holy Temple. The Pope promised the warriors immediate entry to heaven if they died on The Crusade, doing away with any necessity of penance after death (MacCulloch 2009: 384). These papal grants are unquestionably similar to the later papal indulgences that were a bone of contention by Martin Luther during the Reformation. However, it seems that the warriors believed The Crusades to be a spiritual war to purify their souls of sin. For why else would a person risk everything by travelling to a distant land were they may never return? 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Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley - 1209 Words

In the book Frankenstein, the reader is introduced to two exciting characters that both describe their own life story. This brings Mary Shelley’s audience to a mind-blowing novel, due to the way that fate intervenes through both of the characters. To start, Victor was born in a well-structured household and goes through life pursuing his passion of studying natural philosophy. Thus, leading him to creating his â€Å"creation.† Furthermore, the creation tells his side of the story, explaining that life to him was a mystery and much of it was a learning process. With these two characters, each go through the novel trying to achieve a particular goal. Considering this, it is implied that as the novel progresses and the reader is introduced to†¦show more content†¦These incidents that have come about were all not intentional but self-inflicted on Victors part. By the creation killing William, this was not an act of the creation using his own free will to kill but b y underestimating his own strength. This view of the creation being considered a ‘being of whom bad things originate’ was not a sign upon him being â€Å"natural† or â€Å"who the monster was created to be.† But this was all the cause of Victor continuing to neglect the more important things in life and staying ignorant to events that are presented in front of him. Throughout Victor’s life, Victor has been surrounded by people who he loves and vise-versa. He had a happy childhood and he married Elizabeth, and soon wanted to become a father. He was content with life and as the old saying goes, â€Å"life was good but came with rocky points.† But for his creation, that life that everyone should live like Victor had, was not a reality for him and came with many struggles at first. The creations character is static at first, but it changes to more of a dynamic perspective as the novel progresses. He is taught nothing and becomes very lonely inside and has the world the complete opposite of Victor. As the struggle of trying to learn how to live, the creation grasps the knowledge of â€Å"stalking† other humans and learns many vital lessons how to live and toShow MoreRelatedFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1650 Words   |  7 Pagesbook of Frankenstein does one just think of a mythical science fiction book that really has no meaning ? Frankenstein can have numerous meanings depending on how a person perceives it. Frankenstein can be analyzed into many themes; some say religion, feminism, or scientific symbolization, it all depends on ones own perception. When one analyzes further into Mary Shelly’s life and then interprets the novel it is obvious that is a sociological theme. One can simply assume that Mary Shelley creates FrankensteinRead MoreFrankenstein by Mary Shelley1093 Words   |  4 Pagesfaster than man can contend with. That argument is the premises, moral, and plot base for Mary Shelleys tale Frankenstein. On the other hand, J. Michael Bishops, essay Enemies of Promise   on the other hand promotes and boast sciences achievements. However, Mary Shelley presents her point of view subtly yet very dramatically, which is much more effective than that of J. Michael Bishop. The dramatic story Shelley creates becomes a part of the reader, therefore holding the readers attention. ShelleysRead MoreM ary Shelley Frankenstein859 Words   |  4 Pages Mary Shelley The Creature in Mary Shelley’s â€Å"Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus† needs a companionship as every ordinary human. Every man needs a woman, who will able to share moments of happiness and sadness, a woman who will be able to share thoughts and of course a woman who will be able to love a man. In this case the Creature needs a bride. But the problem is that the Creature from the â€Å"Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus† is not a human. SoRead MoreFrankenstein, by Mary Shelley1138 Words   |  5 PagesIs Frankenstein a man, whose ambition led to a disaster; or a monster, which created a life with disregard for the human race? Frankenstein, in my opinion, was the monster not the life that he had created. Frankenstein never admitted to his family what he had done, never admitted responsibility for his actions. He might as well have killed Elizabeth, William, Justine, and Clerval with his own hand. The so called â€Å"Monster† only wanted companionship; he did not want to murder those people. TheRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1325 Words   |  6 PagesI have been informed that you are pushing to remove the book Frankenstein by Mary Shelley from the school curriculum. I’ve decided to write to you and explain why I believe that you are misinformed, and in fact, why this is a huge importance to the students of today. Frankenstein is a classic which recounts the life and horrors of Victor Frankenstein, as told through a series of letters and narrations. His obsession with the natural world and science brings him to a state of mind which ultimatelyRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1580 Words   |  7 PagesFrankenstein by Mary Shelley is a sci-fi novel written during the Romantic Movement in Britain’s early nineteenth century. The movement was stimulated by the French Revolution, Industrial Revolution and in reaction against the emphasis on reason in eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosophy (The Romantic Movement, 2014 ). Mary Shelley’s husband, Percy Shelley was also a romantic poet during the movement. Shelley’s novel is evidently influenced by her relationship with her husband, which is illustratedRead MoreFrankenstein by Mary Shelley739 Words   |  3 Pagesinterconnections of humanity, nature, and divinity (â€Å"Romanticism 1†). English Romanticism being trendy in Europe, people would vent their outlooks onto their personal fiction works such as Mary Shelley. Shelley uses vivid creativity and romantic elements to create one of her admired novels, Frankenstein. In Shelley’s novel, Frankenstein, most of the characters prove their compassion for mankind, prove their rejection of technology and science, and prove their involvement in a romantic quest. These several characteristicsRead MoreFrankenstein, By Mary Shelley1040 Words   |  5 Pages In 1818, a book titled Frankenstein was published anonymously, mysteriously dedicated to William Godwin, a prominent journal ist and political philosopher of his time. The immediate reviews of the novel were mixed, most edging towards critical, although no one knew who the book was written by. However, while Frankenstein failed to gain popularity immediately, no one had any idea the lasting impact this novel would have on the world. Despite the lukewarm reception at its debut, it soon proved to beRead MoreFrankenstein, by Mary Shelley1078 Words   |  5 PagesMary Shelley’s Frankenstein has undoubtedly withstood the test of time. Frankenstein’s direct association with fundamental Gothic literature is extremely renowned. However, the novel’s originality is derived from the foundational thematic values found within the relationship (or lack there of) between Victor Frankenstein and the monster he had created, in combination with a fascinatingly captivating plot. Understandably, Frankenstein can often be associated with a multitude of concepts; however,Read MoreFrankenstein, By Mary She lley1532 Words   |  7 PagesLike any author, especially one who created a new genre, there will be criticism, and Shelley is no exception. Shelley received criticism surrounding Frankenstein not only because she was a female writer, but because of her writing style. Originally, Frankenstein was published anonymously and was thought that her husband, Percy Shelley, wrote it (â€Å"Mary Shelley Biography† 2016). Shelley may have published Frankenstein anonymously because â€Å"’women understood that they got a â€Å"better hearing† if it was thought